未来与发展

为厘清我国低空经济领域的创新格局与发展态势，本文以2009-2025年国内低空经济专利数据为对象，从发展趋势、创新申请人、产业链及区域布局四个维度展开分析。研究发现，我国低空经济专利发展历经起步、增长、爆发三个阶段，2024—2025年为专利集中布局期，节奏与国家政策高度契合；创新主体呈高校与央企/头部企业并重格局，不同主体技术布局各有侧重；技术分布层面，G05D1、G06N3与G06V等形成“自动控制+算法+感知”的协同体系，产业链呈现上游成熟、中下游薄弱的特征；区域创新资源高度集聚于粤苏京等省份，地域发展差异显著。未来发展需推动各类创新主体协同发力，促进核心技术与场景应用深度融合；加快培育中下游产业生态；优化创新资源区域布局，带动非核心区域协同发展，缩小区域差距。

To clarify the innovation pattern and development trend of China's low-altitude economy, this paper analyzes the domestic low-altitude economy patent data from 2009 to 2025 from four dimensions: development trend, innovative applicants, industrial chain, and regional layout. The results show that the development of China's low-altitude economy patents has experienced three stages: initial stage, growth stage, and explosive stage. The period 2024-2025 witnesses concentrated patent layout, which is highly consistent with national policies. Innovation entities present a balanced pattern of universities and central enterprises/leading enterprises, with each focusing on different technological directions. In terms of technological distribution, IPC classes including G05D1, G06N3 and G06V form a collaborative system of "automatic control + algorithm + perception", and the industrial chain is featured by a mature upstream and weak midstream and downstream. Regional innovation resources are highly agglomerated in provinces such as Guangdong, Jiangsu and Beijing, with significant regional development gaps. For future development, it is necessary to promote the collaborative efforts of various innovation entities to deepen the integration of core technologies and scenario applications, accelerate the cultivation of the midstream and downstream industrial ecology, and optimize the regional layout of innovation resources to drive the coordinated development of non-core regions and narrow regional disparities.